文章注释
A new web-based survey assessing suicidal tendencies among college students suggests the thought pattern is more common than expected.
More than half of 26,000 students across 70 colleges and universities who completed a survey on suicidal experiences reported having at least one episode of suicidal thinking at some point in their lives.
Furthermore, 15 percent of students surveyed reported having seriously considered attempting suicide and more than 5 percent reported making a suicide attempt at least once in their lifetime.
Presenting at the 116th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, psychologist David J. Drum, PhD, and co-authors at the University of Texas at Austin reported their findings from a Web-based survey conducted by the National Research Consortium of Counseling Centers in Higher Education.
The survey was administered in the spring of 2006 and gathered information about a range of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students. The survey was reviewed by the participating campus counseling directors as well as two experts in suicidology.
Six percent of undergraduates and 4 percent of graduate students reported seriously considering suicide within the 12 months prior to answering the survey. Therefore, the researchers posit, at an average college with 18,000 undergraduate students, some 1,080 undergraduates will seriously contemplate taking their lives at least once within a single year.
Approximately two-thirds of those who contemplate suicide will do so more than once in a 12-month period.
The majority of students described their typical episode of suicidal thinking as intense and brief, with more than half the episodes lasting one day or less.
The researchers found that, for a variety of reasons, more than half of students who experienced a recent suicidal crisis did not seek professional help or tell anyone about their suicidal thoughts.
The researchers used separate samples of undergraduate and graduate students. College sizes ranged from 820 to 58,156 students, with 17,752 being the average. For the 15,010 undergraduates, 62 percent were female and 38 percent were percent male.
Seventy-nine percent were white and 21 percent were minorities. Ninety-five percent identified themselves as heterosexual and 5 percent identified as bisexual, gay or undecided. The average age was 22. For the 11,441 graduates, 60 percent were female and 40 percent were male.
Seventy-two percent were white and 28 percent were minorities. Ninety-four percent identified themselves as heterosexual and 6 percent identified as bisexual, gay or undecided. The average age was 30.
Both undergraduate and graduate students gave these reasons for their suicidal thinking, in the following order: (1) wanting relief from emotional or physical pain; (2) problems with romantic relationships; (3) the desire to end their life; and (4) problems with school or academics.
Fourteen percent of undergraduates and 8 percent of graduate students who seriously considered attempting suicide in the previous 12 months made a suicide attempt. Nineteen percent of undergraduate attempters and 28 percent of graduate student attempters required medical attention. Half of attempters reported overdosing on drugs as their method, said the authors.
From the survey, the authors found that suicidal thoughts are a frequently recurring experience akin to substance abuse, depression and eating disorders. They also found that relying solely upon the current treatment model, which identifies and helps students who are in crisis, is insufficient for addressing reducing all forms of suicide behavior on college campuses.
The authors suggest a new model for dealing with the problem of student suicidal tendencies in order to address the entire continuum of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. By focusing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors as the problem, rather than looking only at students in crisis, interventions can be delivered at multiple points, they said.
Furthermore, information from the survey can help match students who are at risk or who have already experienced suicidal thoughts and behaviors with the appropriate treatment. This will reduce the numbers of students entering the suicide continuum in the first place as well as reduce the progression from thoughts to attempts, they said.
With growing levels of distress among college students and diminishing resources to handle the consequences, suicide prevention needs to involve a cross section of campus personnel – administrators, student leaders, advisers, faculty, parents, counselors – and not just involve the suicidal student and the few mental health professionals available.
“This would reduce the percentage of students who engage in suicidal thinking, who contemplate how to make an attempt and who continue to make attempts” said Drum.
原文链接：http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/30895/15627
8月20日，星期三（心理中心）--一项新的评估大学生自杀倾向的网络调查显示着他们的自杀想法要比预期的更高。
来自70所院校超过13000个学生在他们的自杀经历调查中报告：他们生活中的某一刻至少有过一次自杀想法。
而且，15%的学生报告有自杀的想法比较严重，超过5%的学生报告在一生中曾经尝试过至少一次自杀。
心理学家David J.Drum博士，同时也是由国家高等教育咨询中心研究社主持，在奥斯丁德克萨斯大学所做的网络调查研究报告的共同作者，出席了美国心理学会第116届年度会议。
这个调查在2006年的春天开始实施，并收集了有关大学生的自杀想法和自杀行为的信息。而且调查经过参与学校的咨询辅导主任以及两位自杀学专家审查。
6%的本科生和和4%的研究生报告在做这个问卷调查的12个月之内有严重的自杀想法。因而研究者断定，在18000个本科生中，1080个人在一年内至少有一次想要想要打算结束自己生命。
在那些打算自杀的人中，接近2/3的人在一年内超过两次的自杀念头。
大部分学生描述他们的典型自杀念头强烈且短暂，一半以上的人这种经历持续一天或者更少。
研究者还发现，由于各种原因，一半以上的大学生经历了近期的自杀危机，却没有寻求专业帮助或者也没有告诉任何人自己的自杀想法。
研究人员使用单独的本科生和研究生样本。学校人数规模介于820至58156人之间，平均水平是17752人。在15010个本科生中，62%的是女性，38%的是男性。
79%的是白人，还有21%的是少数人种。95%的人自称是异性恋者，其他5%认为自己是双性恋，包括同性恋及其尚未确定的，他们的平均年龄为22岁。
在11441个研究生人群中，60%的是女性，40%的是男性。72%的是白人，28%的是少数人种。94%的人自称是异性恋，6%的认为自己是双性恋，包括同性恋及其尚未确认的，他们的平均年龄是30岁。
本科生和研究生都给出了他们一些自杀的原因，如下所示：1，从情感和生理痛苦中得到解脱；2，恋爱关系的问题；3，渴望结束生命；4，学校或者学术上面的问题。
有过严重自杀想法的人中，14%的本科生和8%的研究生在一年内有过一次自杀性行为。作者说，尝试自杀者中，19%的本科生和28%的研究生需要医疗关注，半数尝试者有用药过度的行为。
作者从调查中发现，自杀念头往往是一个反复出现，类似于药物滥用，抑郁症和进食障碍这样的经历。
他们还发现，仅仅依赖于目前的治疗模式，确定并帮助处在危机中的学生，来减少大学校园各种形式的自杀行为很是不够的。
为了强调自杀观念和自杀行为是一个连续统一体，作者提出了一个新的模式来处理学生自杀倾向的问题。他们说，应当集中于自杀观念和自杀行为，而不是只关注处于危机状态的学生，干预应该从多点提供。
此外，从调查中得到的信息可以帮助处于风险中或者经历了自杀观念和自杀行为的学生，匹配合适的治疗。这样既能减少进入自杀连续体第一阶段的学生数量，又能化弱从自杀观念到自杀尝试的进程。
随着大学生麻烦事逐级递增，对于后果处理的资源减少，预防自杀需学校各个部门人员的协调合作，包括管理人员、学生领袖、顾问、教师、家长、辅导员，而不仅仅是涉及自杀的学生和少数的心理健康专业人员的帮助。
“这将大大的减少那些有自杀想法，考虑怎样尝试自杀，继续做这样的尝试的学生的比例。”
大学生们的自杀想法比预期高
更新于2015年08月14日
来源于小e英语
A new web-based survey assessing suicidal tendencies among college students suggests the thought pattern is more common than expected.
More than half of 26,000 students across 70 colleges and universities who completed a survey on suicidal experiences reported having at least one episode of suicidal thinking at some point in their lives.
Furthermore, 15 percent of students surveyed reported having seriously considered attempting suicide and more than 5 percent reported making a suicide attempt at least once in their lifetime.
Presenting at the 116th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, psychologist David J. Drum, PhD, and co-authors at the University of Texas at Austin reported their findings from a Web-based survey conducted by the National Research Consortium of Counseling Centers in Higher Education.
The survey was administered in the spring of 2006 and gathered information about a range of suicidal thoughts and behaviors among college students. The survey was reviewed by the participating campus counseling directors as well as two experts in suicidology.
Six percent of undergraduates and 4 percent of graduate students reported seriously considering suicide within the 12 months prior to answering the survey. Therefore, the researchers posit, at an average college with 18,000 undergraduate students, some 1,080 undergraduates will seriously contemplate taking their lives at least once within a single year.
Approximately two-thirds of those who contemplate suicide will do so more than once in a 12-month period.
The majority of students described their typical episode of suicidal thinking as intense and brief, with more than half the episodes lasting one day or less.
The researchers found that, for a variety of reasons, more than half of students who experienced a recent suicidal crisis did not seek professional help or tell anyone about their suicidal thoughts.
The researchers used separate samples of undergraduate and graduate students. College sizes ranged from 820 to 58,156 students, with 17,752 being the average. For the 15,010 undergraduates, 62 percent were female and 38 percent were percent male.
Seventy-nine percent were white and 21 percent were minorities. Ninety-five percent identified themselves as heterosexual and 5 percent identified as bisexual, gay or undecided. The average age was 22. For the 11,441 graduates, 60 percent were female and 40 percent were male.
Seventy-two percent were white and 28 percent were minorities. Ninety-four percent identified themselves as heterosexual and 6 percent identified as bisexual, gay or undecided. The average age was 30.
Both undergraduate and graduate students gave these reasons for their suicidal thinking, in the following order: (1) wanting relief from emotional or physical pain; (2) problems with romantic relationships; (3) the desire to end their life; and (4) problems with school or academics.
Fourteen percent of undergraduates and 8 percent of graduate students who seriously considered attempting suicide in the previous 12 months made a suicide attempt. Nineteen percent of undergraduate attempters and 28 percent of graduate student attempters required medical attention. Half of attempters reported overdosing on drugs as their method, said the authors.
From the survey, the authors found that suicidal thoughts are a frequently recurring experience akin to substance abuse, depression and eating disorders. They also found that relying solely upon the current treatment model, which identifies and helps students who are in crisis, is insufficient for addressing reducing all forms of suicide behavior on college campuses.
The authors suggest a new model for dealing with the problem of student suicidal tendencies in order to address the entire continuum of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. By focusing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors as the problem, rather than looking only at students in crisis, interventions can be delivered at multiple points, they said.
Furthermore, information from the survey can help match students who are at risk or who have already experienced suicidal thoughts and behaviors with the appropriate treatment. This will reduce the numbers of students entering the suicide continuum in the first place as well as reduce the progression from thoughts to attempts, they said.
With growing levels of distress among college students and diminishing resources to handle the consequences, suicide prevention needs to involve a cross section of campus personnel – administrators, student leaders, advisers, faculty, parents, counselors – and not just involve the suicidal student and the few mental health professionals available.
“This would reduce the percentage of students who engage in suicidal thinking, who contemplate how to make an attempt and who continue to make attempts” said Drum.
原文链接：http://www.yeeyan.com/articles/view/30895/15627
8月20日，星期三（心理中心）--一项新的评估大学生自杀倾向的网络调查显示着他们的自杀想法要比预期的更高。
来自70所院校超过13000个学生在他们的自杀经历调查中报告：他们生活中的某一刻至少有过一次自杀想法。
而且，15%的学生报告有自杀的想法比较严重，超过5%的学生报告在一生中曾经尝试过至少一次自杀。
心理学家David J.Drum博士，同时也是由国家高等教育咨询中心研究社主持，在奥斯丁德克萨斯大学所做的网络调查研究报告的共同作者，出席了美国心理学会第116届年度会议。
这个调查在2006年的春天开始实施，并收集了有关大学生的自杀想法和自杀行为的信息。而且调查经过参与学校的咨询辅导主任以及两位自杀学专家审查。
6%的本科生和和4%的研究生报告在做这个问卷调查的12个月之内有严重的自杀想法。因而研究者断定，在18000个本科生中，1080个人在一年内至少有一次想要想要打算结束自己生命。
在那些打算自杀的人中，接近2/3的人在一年内超过两次的自杀念头。
大部分学生描述他们的典型自杀念头强烈且短暂，一半以上的人这种经历持续一天或者更少。
研究者还发现，由于各种原因，一半以上的大学生经历了近期的自杀危机，却没有寻求专业帮助或者也没有告诉任何人自己的自杀想法。
研究人员使用单独的本科生和研究生样本。学校人数规模介于820至58156人之间，平均水平是17752人。在15010个本科生中，62%的是女性，38%的是男性。
79%的是白人，还有21%的是少数人种。95%的人自称是异性恋者，其他5%认为自己是双性恋，包括同性恋及其尚未确定的，他们的平均年龄为22岁。
在11441个研究生人群中，60%的是女性，40%的是男性。72%的是白人，28%的是少数人种。94%的人自称是异性恋，6%的认为自己是双性恋，包括同性恋及其尚未确认的，他们的平均年龄是30岁。
本科生和研究生都给出了他们一些自杀的原因，如下所示：1，从情感和生理痛苦中得到解脱；2，恋爱关系的问题；3，渴望结束生命；4，学校或者学术上面的问题。
有过严重自杀想法的人中，14%的本科生和8%的研究生在一年内有过一次自杀性行为。作者说，尝试自杀者中，19%的本科生和28%的研究生需要医疗关注，半数尝试者有用药过度的行为。
作者从调查中发现，自杀念头往往是一个反复出现，类似于药物滥用，抑郁症和进食障碍这样的经历。
他们还发现，仅仅依赖于目前的治疗模式，确定并帮助处在危机中的学生，来减少大学校园各种形式的自杀行为很是不够的。
为了强调自杀观念和自杀行为是一个连续统一体，作者提出了一个新的模式来处理学生自杀倾向的问题。他们说，应当集中于自杀观念和自杀行为，而不是只关注处于危机状态的学生，干预应该从多点提供。
此外，从调查中得到的信息可以帮助处于风险中或者经历了自杀观念和自杀行为的学生，匹配合适的治疗。这样既能减少进入自杀连续体第一阶段的学生数量，又能化弱从自杀观念到自杀尝试的进程。
随着大学生麻烦事逐级递增，对于后果处理的资源减少，预防自杀需学校各个部门人员的协调合作，包括管理人员、学生领袖、顾问、教师、家长、辅导员，而不仅仅是涉及自杀的学生和少数的心理健康专业人员的帮助。
“这将大大的减少那些有自杀想法，考虑怎样尝试自杀，继续做这样的尝试的学生的比例。”
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